In order to prevent the damage or accident of high-voltage electrical equipment in operation and ensure the personal safety of operation and maintenance personnel and equipment operation safety, it is necessary to check and identify the health status of equipment through insulation handover test and preventive test. We can understand the insulation level of equipment through high voltage test and eliminate the blind spots of equipment defects. If the insulation defect is found in the test, it indicates that we must repair the equipment, and replace the power equipment when necessary, so as to prevent the insulation breakdown of the equipment in operation, so as to avoid major irreversible losses such as power failure.

一般來說，高壓電氣試驗主要分為預防性試驗及交接性試驗。依據(jù)設備劃分主要包括：對變壓器試驗、對電壓互感器試驗、對電流互感器試驗、對避雷器試驗、對斷路器試驗、對電力電纜試驗、對高壓母排試驗、多高壓電機試驗。對于不同的設備應嚴格按照嚴格規(guī)程規(guī)定試驗項目和內容進行試驗。其中絕緣耐壓試驗是基本和重要的電氣試驗。

Generally speaking, high voltage electrical test is mainly divided into preventive test and handover test. According to the equipment classification, it mainly includes: transformer test, voltage transformer test, current transformer test, arrester test, circuit breaker test, power cable test, high voltage bus test and multi high voltage motor test. For different equipment, test items and contents shall be carried out in strict accordance with strict regulations. The insulation withstand voltage test is the most basic and important electrical test.

預防性試驗可以這樣分為兩種：一種是絕緣特性試驗，這是一種非破壞性試驗，通過測量各種特性參數(shù)如絕緣電阻、介質損耗角正切值、泄漏電流等參數(shù)情況來判斷設備絕緣內部是否有缺陷，該試驗在電壓條件要求較低，不會損壞設備內部絕緣。該種絕緣特性試驗非常有效，但無法僅靠它來有效判斷絕緣耐電強度，這是該試驗的缺憾。

Preventive test can be divided into two types: one is insulation characteristic test, which is a non-destructive test. By measuring various characteristic parameters such as insulation resistance, dielectric loss tangent value, leakage current and other parameters to determine whether there are defects in the equipment insulation, the test requires low voltage conditions, and will not damage the internal insulation of the equipment. This kind of insulation characteristic test is very effective, but it can't be used to judge the insulation resistance effectively, which is the defect of this test.

還有一種是耐壓試驗，該試驗是一種破壞性試驗，在試驗中對設備加高電壓，使其超過設備工作電壓，這時對設備絕緣有著非常大的考驗，同時能發(fā)現(xiàn)一些危險性較大的缺陷和一些集中性的缺陷，并能保證絕緣的耐電強度達到一定的水平，這會對絕緣造成一定程度的損傷。耐壓試驗又分為交流耐壓和直流耐壓，其缺憾是會給絕緣造成一定的損傷。兩種試驗各有所長，需根據(jù)實際情況和需要選擇適合的試驗。

There is also a withstand voltage test, which is a destructive test. In the test, the voltage of the equipment is increased to make it exceed the working voltage of the equipment. At this time, it has a very big test on the insulation of the equipment. At the same time, it can find some dangerous defects and some concentrated defects, and ensure that the electrical strength of the insulation reaches a certain level, This will cause a certain degree of damage to the insulation. Voltage withstand test is divided into AC voltage withstand test and DC voltage withstand test. Each of the two tests has its own advantages, so it is necessary to select the appropriate test according to the actual situation and needs.

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